Research history

Current published edition

The Fragmentation Question

As recorded by 2026-10-27T08:31:31.000Z. This is a dated public record of drafts, changes, sources and review declarations. A page, checksum or merged pull request does not establish a scientific result or independent review.

Edition: edition:2026-10-27-initial
Edition checksum: 63af9ab52aa86652f81ea1fac0b7c40aaad46cd8623865918d41ec347f9b2cd3
Projection checksum: 08a373e3b85d7ed44d36bc472444b5773f7cbd1dde11f60e0053b3ba4884b65c
Period: 2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z inclusive to 2026-10-27T08:31:31.000Z exclusive.
Starting baseline: Unknown before the recorded capture. Present states are not backdated to January.

JSON retains the complete pinned edition. CSV covers every recorded event in this edition; view filters do not change either download.

Recorded activity and qualification

43Stable records
45Subject versions
43Recorded events
0Review declarations
0Subjects with qualifying source review
0Peer-reviewed manuscripts
0Qualifying research results
1Editorial correction artifacts
2Changed claim subjects
23Open problems
0Partially resolved problems
0Solved problems
0Problems under review
0Unresolved challenges

Qualification follows the exact recorded public declarations. The ledger cannot establish identity, independence, source reading or truth by itself. Editorial corrections, proposed methods and software checks are separate from qualifying research results.

Coverage and limits

40 source entries are covered by this edition. Claim-level records cover only their selected wording and context; they do not qualify a whole manuscript. Source-derived case labels describe the published summaries, not Charitology fieldwork or charity ratings.

This initial capture establishes current draft coverage, not a known January baseline or an earlier status history.
The one PR-backed artifact is an editorial correction to two claim subjects; it is not a scientific result, independent review or problem resolution.
Source-derived case descriptions and manuscript bylines do not establish performed Charitology fieldwork or documented complete human authorship.
Public GitHub observations describe only the named objects at their recorded inspection time. An empty returned review list is not proof about reviews elsewhere.

Entry links open the present site. The separate pinned source text retains this edition’s exact archived bytes.

The Fragmentation Question · Research problem · version 1

Source review: draftProblem: open

problem:the-fragmentation-question

No current qualifying whole-entry source/framing review is recorded.

Effective problem state: open
Last recorded state: open
Current support: baseline
Last recorded disposition: No scientific disposition is recorded.

Qualification follows the exact recorded public declarations. The ledger cannot establish identity, independence, source reading or truth by itself.

Versions and exact subjects

Version entries 1–1

Version 1: The Fragmentation Question

Current subject in this edition

Subject checksum: 14c9ab14663ae82c7b050afb381b6285c95aed6a63d4c409c87957b3d018e515
Version checksum: 6bb02e84c032f1a50d6d636706208697c780bbb398ba039aea7b21e982cdc797
Authorship declaration: unknown; completeness unknown.

bounty

Unfunded. The Question Bounties program will attach prizes once it is funded.

conditions

[
  {
    "collection": "conditions",
    "id": "fragmentation"
  }
]

number

progress

Comparative evidence on outcomes before and after consolidation or coordination, across several fields.

statement

Is the charity sector over-fragmented, and when do mergers, shared services or coordination layers improve outcomes?

Exact archived Markdown body

Inert source text, including its original formatting. It is not executed as page markup.

## Why it matters

[Fragmentation](/diagnosis/fragmentation/) is easy to see and hard to judge. A plural sector experiments more. A fragmented one may waste more. The answer probably depends on the field.

## Where to start

Nonprofit mergers, shared back-office services and collective-impact coalitions all leave records. Outcome data before and after is the missing piece.

Pinned source capture

src/content/problems/the-fragmentation-question.md · whole entry
e9237ccf43fe26c9b017ec3c4fbbe5ae9eb4e01fab64d1e59d8ad939a3034c08 · 809 UTF-8 bytes · commit 8df2d0ddbc6d91b9841c6bbb94dbde1fc7c00137

Exact version fields and declaration references

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  "id": "version:problem-the-fragmentation-question-v1",
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  "recordId": "problem:the-fragmentation-question",
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  "subject": {
    "body": "\n## Why it matters\n\n[Fragmentation](/diagnosis/fragmentation/) is easy to see and hard to judge. A plural sector experiments more. A fragmented one may waste more. The answer probably depends on the field.\n\n## Where to start\n\nNonprofit mergers, shared back-office services and collective-impact coalitions all leave records. Outcome data before and after is the missing piece.\n",
    "collection": "problems",
    "frontmatter": {
      "bounty": "Unfunded. The Question Bounties program will attach prizes once it is funded.",
      "conditions": [
        {
          "collection": "conditions",
          "id": "fragmentation"
        }
      ],
      "number": 11,
      "progress": "Comparative evidence on outcomes before and after consolidation or coordination, across several fields.",
      "sources": [],
      "statement": "Is the charity sector over-fragmented, and when do mergers, shared services or coordination layers improve outcomes?",
      "title": "The Fragmentation Question"
    },
    "type": "entry"
  },
  "subjectHash": "14c9ab14663ae82c7b050afb381b6285c95aed6a63d4c409c87957b3d018e515",
  "version": 1
}

Timeline in recorded order

Public occurrence time and ledger recording time are different. A coverage baseline records what was present at capture; it does not invent an earlier history.

Events 1–1

Coverage baseline

Recorded order: 29; sequence 1 for this record.
Public occurrence: Undated / no earlier occurrence asserted · undated
Recorded in ledger: 2026-10-27T08:31:31.000Z

Initial capture of current source wording; no earlier independent review or historical event time is asserted.

Observed baseline: version 1; problem open.

Exact event fields

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  "id": "event:problem-the-fragmentation-question-1",
  "initialProblemState": "open",
  "observationIds": [],
  "occurredAt": null,
  "ordinal": 29,
  "previousHash": null,
  "previousId": null,
  "reason": "Initial capture of current source wording; no earlier independent review or historical event time is asserted.",
  "recordId": "problem:the-fragmentation-question",
  "recordedAt": "2026-10-27T08:31:31.000Z",
  "refs": [],
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  "timeBasis": "undated",
  "type": "baseline",
  "version": {
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  }
}

Review declarations

No public review declaration is recorded for this subject in this edition.

Dated public metadata observations

These observations record only the displayed metadata at inspection. A merge, closed issue or empty review list does not establish research or independent review.

github-pull-request · 2026-10-27T08:20:16.587Z

Observed public object

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  "mergeCommit": "8df2d0ddbc6d91b9841c6bbb94dbde1fc7c00137",
  "mergedAt": "2026-10-27T08:10:57.000Z",
  "number": 15,
  "state": "closed"
}

be39e645f9291ea3931584665b011df77bfa8340e4d32f36562eb526f8e62396

github-pull-request · 2026-10-27T08:20:16.587Z

Observed public object

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  "mergedAt": "2026-10-26T05:24:43.000Z",
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1ec26b57bd6ef466311b11958d47e9d144ec150ea5689838ae8036eb363aacbf

github-review-list · 2026-10-27T08:20:16.587Z

Observed public object

{
  "prNumber": 3,
  "reviewIds": []
}

3b7b719dbdd25b9937ba6c640f7234921611db30818b5675db41b9fa3534d926

github-issue · 2026-10-27T08:20:16.587Z

Observed public object

{
  "commentCount": 0,
  "number": 1,
  "state": "open"
}

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